In this post I re-introduce R package cricketr. I have added 8 new functions to my R package cricketr, available from version cricketr_0.0.13 namely
- batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns
- batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate
- bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate
- bowlerCumulativeAvgWicketRate
- relativeBatsmanCumulativeAvgRuns
- relativeBatsmanCumulativeStrikeRate
- relativeBowlerCumulativeAvgWickets
- relativeBowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate
This post updates my earlier post Introducing cricketr:An R package for analyzing performances of cricketrs
Yet all experience is an arch wherethro’
Gleams that untravell’d world whose margin fades
For ever and forever when I move.
How dull it is to pause, to make an end,
To rust unburnish’d, not to shine in use!
Ulysses by Alfred Tennyson
Introduction
This is an initial post in which I introduce a cricketing package ‘cricketr’ which I have created. This package was a natural culmination to my earlier posts on cricket and my finishing 10 modules of Data Science Specialization, from John Hopkins University at Coursera. The thought of creating this package struck me some time back, and I have finally been able to bring this to fruition.
So here it is. My R package ‘cricketr!!!’
If you are passionate about cricket, and love analyzing cricket performances, then check out my racy book on cricket ‘Cricket analytics with cricketr and cricpy – Analytics harmony with R & Python’! This book discusses and shows how to use my R package ‘cricketr’ and my Python package ‘cricpy’ to analyze batsmen and bowlers in all formats of the game (Test, ODI and T20). The paperback is available on Amazon at $21.99 and the kindle version at $9.99/Rs 449/-. A must read for any cricket lover! Check it out!!
This package uses the statistics info available in ESPN Cricinfo Statsguru. The current version of this package can handle all formats of the game including Test, ODI and Twenty20 cricket.
You should be able to install the package from GitHub and use many of the functions available in the package. Please be mindful of ESPN Cricinfo Terms of Use
Important note 1: The latest release of ‘cricketr’ now includes the ability to analyze performances of teams now!! See Cricketr adds team analytics to its repertoire!!!
Important note 2 : Cricketr can now do a more fine-grained analysis of players, see Cricketr learns new tricks : Performs fine-grained analysis of players
Important note 3: Do check out the python avatar of cricketr, ‘cricpy’ in my post ‘Introducing cricpy:A python package to analyze performances of cricketers”
Note: This page is also hosted as a GitHub page at cricketr
This post is also hosted on Rpubs at Reintroducing cricketr. You can also down the pdf version of this post at reintroducing_cricketr.pdf
(Take a look at my short video tutorial on my R package cricketr on Youtube – R package cricketr – A short tutorial)
Do check out my interactive Shiny app implementation using the cricketr package – Sixer – R package cricketr’s new Shiny avatar
Also see my 2nd book “Beaten by sheer pace” based on my R package yorkr which is now available in paperback and kindle versions at Amazon
Note: If you would like to do a similar analysis for a different set of batsman and bowlers, you can clone/download my skeleton cricketr template from Github (which is the R Markdown file I have used for the analysis below). You will only need to make appropriate changes for the players you are interested in. Just a familiarity with R and R Markdown only is needed.
The cricketr package
The cricketr package has several functions that perform several different analyses on both batsman and bowlers. The package has functions that plot percentage frequency runs or wickets, runs likelihood for a batsman, relative run/strike rates of batsman and relative performance/economy rate for bowlers are available.
Other interesting functions include batting performance moving average, forecast and a function to check whether the batsman/bowler is in in-form or out-of-form.
The data for a particular player can be obtained with the getPlayerData() function from the package. To do this you will need to go to ESPN CricInfo Player and type in the name of the player for e.g Ricky Ponting, Sachin Tendulkar etc. This will bring up a page which have the profile number for the player e.g. for Sachin Tendulkar this would be http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/35320.html. Hence, Sachin’s profile is 35320. This can be used to get the data for Tendulkar as shown below
The cricketr package is now available from CRAN!!!. You should be able to install directly with
# Install from CRAN
if (!require("cricketr")){
install.packages("cricketr",lib = "c:/test")
}
library(cricketr)
Getting help from cricketr
?getPlayerData
##
## getPlayerData(profile, opposition='', host='', dir='./data', file='player001.csv', type='batting', homeOrAway=[1, 2], result=[1, 2, 4], create=True)
## Get the player data from ESPN Cricinfo based on specific inputs and store in a file in a given directory
##
## Description
##
## Get the player data given the profile of the batsman. The allowed inputs are home,away or both and won,lost or draw of matches. The data is stored in a .csv file in a directory specified. This function also returns a data frame of the player
##
## Usage
##
## getPlayerData(profile,opposition="",host="",dir="./data",file="player001.csv",
## type="batting", homeOrAway=c(1,2),result=c(1,2,4))
## Arguments
##
## profile
## This is the profile number of the player to get data. This can be obtained from http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/index.html. Type the name of the player and click search. This will display the details of the player. Make a note of the profile ID. For e.g For Sachin Tendulkar this turns out to be http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/35320.html. Hence the profile for Sachin is 35320
## opposition
## The numerical value of the opposition country e.g.Australia,India, England etc. The values are Australia:2,Bangladesh:25,England:1,India:6,New Zealand:5,Pakistan:7,South Africa:3,Sri Lanka:8, West Indies:4, Zimbabwe:9
## host
## The numerical value of the host country e.g.Australia,India, England etc. The values are Australia:2,Bangladesh:25,England:1,India:6,New Zealand:5,Pakistan:7,South Africa:3,Sri Lanka:8, West Indies:4, Zimbabwe:9
## dir
## Name of the directory to store the player data into. If not specified the data is stored in a default directory "./data". Default="./data"
## file
## Name of the file to store the data into for e.g. tendulkar.csv. This can be used for subsequent functions. Default="player001.csv"
## type
## type of data required. This can be "batting" or "bowling"
## homeOrAway
## This is a vector with either 1,2 or both. 1 is for home 2 is for away
## result
## This is a vector that can take values 1,2,4. 1 - won match 2- lost match 4- draw
## Details
##
## More details can be found in my short video tutorial in Youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q9uMPFVsXsI
##
## Value
##
## Returns the player's dataframe
##
## Note
##
## Maintainer: Tinniam V Ganesh <tvganesh.85@gmail.com>
##
## Author(s)
##
## Tinniam V Ganesh
##
## References
##
## http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/stats/index.html
## https://gigadom.wordpress.com/
##
## See Also
##
## getPlayerDataSp
##
## Examples
##
## ## Not run:
## # Both home and away. Result = won,lost and drawn
## tendulkar = getPlayerData(35320,dir=".", file="tendulkar1.csv",
## type="batting", homeOrAway=c(1,2),result=c(1,2,4))
##
## # Only away. Get data only for won and lost innings
## tendulkar = getPlayerData(35320,dir=".", file="tendulkar2.csv",
## type="batting",homeOrAway=c(2),result=c(1,2))
##
## # Get bowling data and store in file for future
## kumble = getPlayerData(30176,dir=".",file="kumble1.csv",
## type="bowling",homeOrAway=c(1),result=c(1,2))
##
## #Get the Tendulkar's Performance against Australia in Australia
## tendulkar = getPlayerData(35320, opposition = 2,host=2,dir=".",
## file="tendulkarVsAusInAus.csv",type="batting")
The cricketr package includes some pre-packaged sample (.csv) files. You can use these sample to test functions as shown below
# Retrieve the file path of a data file installed with cricketr
pathToFile ,"Sachin Tendulkar")
Alternatively, the cricketr package can be installed from GitHub with
if (!require("cricketr")){
library(devtools)
install_github("tvganesh/cricketr")
}
library(cricketr)
The pre-packaged files can be accessed as shown above.
To get the data of any player use the function getPlayerData()
tendulkar <- getPlayerData(35320,dir="..",file="tendulkar.csv",type="batting",homeOrAway=c(1,2),
result=c(1,2,4))
Important Note This needs to be done only once for a player. This function stores the player’s data in a CSV file (for e.g. tendulkar.csv as above) which can then be reused for all other functions. Once we have the data for the players many analyses can be done. This post will use the stored CSV file obtained with a prior getPlayerData for all subsequent analyses
3D scatter plot and prediction plane
The plots below show the 3D scatter plot of Sachin’s Runs versus Balls Faced and Minutes at crease. A linear regression model is then fitted between Runs and Balls Faced + Minutes at crease
battingPerf3d("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
Average runs at different venues
The plot below gives the average runs scored by Tendulkar at different grounds. The plot also displays the number of innings at each ground as a label at x-axis. It can be seen Tendulkar did great in Colombo (SSC), Melbourne ifor matches overseas and Mumbai, Mohali and Bangalore at home
batsmanAvgRunsGround("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
Average runs against different opposing teams
This plot computes the average runs scored by Tendulkar against different countries. The x-axis also gives the number of innings against each team
batsmanAvgRunsOpposition("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")
Highest Runs Likelihood
The plot below shows the Runs Likelihood for a batsman. For this the performance of Sachin is plotted as a 3D scatter plot with Runs versus Balls Faced + Minutes at crease using. K-Means. The centroids of 3 clusters are computed and plotted. In this plot. Sachin Tendulkar’s highest tendencies are computed and plotted using K-Means
batsmanRunsLikelihood("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
## Summary of Sachin Tendulkar 's runs scoring likelihood
## **************************************************
##
## There is a 16.51 % likelihood that Sachin Tendulkar will make 139 Runs in 251 balls over 353 Minutes
## There is a 58.41 % likelihood that Sachin Tendulkar will make 16 Runs in 31 balls over 44 Minutes
## There is a 25.08 % likelihood that Sachin Tendulkar will make 66 Runs in 122 balls over 167 Minutes
A look at the Top 4 batsman – Tendulkar, Kallis, Ponting and Sangakkara
The batsmen with the most hundreds in test cricket are
- Sachin Tendulkar :Average:53.78,100’s – 51, 50’s – 68
- Jacques Kallis : Average: 55.47, 100’s – 45, 50’s – 58
- Ricky Ponting : Average: 51.85, 100’s – 41 , 50’s – 62
- Kumara Sangakarra: Average: 58.04 ,100’s – 38 , 50’s – 52
in that order.
The following plots take a closer at their performances. The box plots show the mean (red line) and median (blue line). The two ends of the boxplot display the 25th and 75th percentile.
Box Histogram Plot
This plot shows a combined boxplot of the Runs ranges and a histogram of the Runs Frequency. The calculated Mean differ from the stated means possibly because of data cleaning. Also not sure how the means were arrived at ESPN Cricinfo for e.g. when considering not out..
batsmanPerfBoxHist("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
batsmanPerfBoxHist("./kallis.csv","Jacques Kallis")
batsmanPerfBoxHist("./ponting.csv","Ricky Ponting")
batsmanPerfBoxHist("./sangakkara.csv","K Sangakkara")
Contribution to won and lost matches
The plot below shows the contribution of Tendulkar, Kallis, Ponting and Sangakarra in matches won and lost. The plots show the range of runs scored as a boxplot (25th & 75th percentile) and the mean scored. The total matches won and lost are also printed in the plot.
All the players have scored more in the matches they won than the matches they lost. Ricky Ponting is the only batsman who seems to have more matches won to his credit than others. This could also be because he was a member of strong Australian team
For the next 2 functions below you will have to use the getPlayerDataSp() function. I
have commented this as I already have these files
tendulkarsp
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanContributionWonLost("tendulkarsp.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanContributionWonLost("kallissp.csv","Kallis")
batsmanContributionWonLost("pontingsp.csv","Ponting")
batsmanContributionWonLost("sangakkarasp.csv","Sangakarra")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Moving Average of runs in career
Take a look at the Moving Average across the career of the Top 4. Clearly . Kallis and Sangakkara have a few more years of great batting ahead. They seem to average on 50. . Tendulkar and Ponting definitely show a slump in the later years
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanMovingAverage("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
batsmanMovingAverage("./kallis.csv","Jacques Kallis")
batsmanMovingAverage("./ponting.csv","Ricky Ponting")
batsmanMovingAverage("./sangakkara.csv","K Sangakkara")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Future Runs forecast
Here are plots that forecast how the batsman will perform in future. In this case 90% of the career runs trend is uses as the training set. the remaining 10% is the test set.
A Holt-Winters forecating model is used to forecast future performance based on the 90% training set. The forecated runs trend is plotted. The test set is also plotted to see how close the forecast and the actual matches
Take a look at the runs forecasted for the batsman below.
- Tendulkar’s forecasted performance seems to tally with his actual performance with an average of 50
- Kallis the forecasted runs are higher than the actual runs he scored
- Ponting seems to have a good run in the future
- Sangakkara has a decent run in the future averaging 50 runs
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanPerfForecast("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
batsmanPerfForecast("./kallis.csv","Jacques Kallis")
batsmanPerfForecast("./ponting.csv","Ricky Ponting")
batsmanPerfForecast("./sangakkara.csv","K Sangakkara")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Relative Mean Strike Rate plot
The plot below compares the Mean Strike Rate of the batsman for each of the runs ranges of 10 and plots them. The plot indicate the following Range 0 – 50 Runs – Ponting leads followed by Tendulkar Range 50 -100 Runs – Ponting followed by Sangakkara Range 100 – 150 – Ponting and then Tendulkar
frames <- list("./tendulkar.csv","./kallis.csv","ponting.csv","sangakkara.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kallis","Ponting","Sangakkara")
relativeBatsmanSR(frames,names)
![]()
Relative Runs Frequency plot
The plot below gives the relative Runs Frequency Percetages for each 10 run bucket. The plot below show
Sangakkara leads followed by Ponting
frames <- list("./tendulkar.csv","./kallis.csv","ponting.csv","sangakkara.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kallis","Ponting","Sangakkara")
relativeRunsFreqPerf(frames,names)
![]()
Relative cumulative average runs in career
The plot below compares the relative cumulative runs of the batsmen over the career. While Tendulkar seems to lead over the others with a cumulative average of 50, we can see that Sangakkara goes over everybody else between 180-220th inning. It is likely that Sangakkarra may have overtaken Tendulkar if he had played more
frames <- list("./tendulkar.csv","./kallis.csv","ponting.csv","sangakkara.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kallis","Ponting","Sangakkara")
relativeBatsmanCumulativeAvgRuns(frames,names)
![]()
Relative cumulative average strike rate in career
As seen in earlier charts Ponting has the best overall strike rate, followed by Sangakkara and then Tendulkar
frames <- list("./tendulkar.csv","./kallis.csv","ponting.csv","sangakkara.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kallis","Ponting","Sangakkara")
relativeBatsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(frames,names)
![]()
Check Batsman In-Form or Out-of-Form
The below computation uses Null Hypothesis testing and p-value to determine if the batsman is in-form or out-of-form. For this 90% of the career runs is chosen as the population and the mean computed. The last 10% is chosen to be the sample set and the sample Mean and the sample Standard Deviation are caculated.
The Null Hypothesis (H0) assumes that the batsman continues to stay in-form where the sample mean is within 95% confidence interval of population mean The Alternative (Ha) assumes that the batsman is out of form the sample mean is beyond the 95% confidence interval of the population mean.
A significance value of 0.05 is chosen and p-value us computed If p-value >= .05 – Batsman In-Form If p-value < 0.05 – Batsman Out-of-Form
Note Ideally the p-value should be done for a population that follows the Normal Distribution. But the runs population is usually left skewed. So some correction may be needed. I will revisit this later
This is done for the Top 4 batsman
checkBatsmanInForm("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
## *******************************************************************************************
##
## Population size: 294 Mean of population: 50.48
## Sample size: 33 Mean of sample: 32.42 SD of sample: 29.8
##
## Null hypothesis H0 : Sachin Tendulkar 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval
## of population average
## Alternative hypothesis Ha : Sachin Tendulkar 's sample average is below the 95% confidence
## interval of population average
##
## [1] "Sachin Tendulkar 's Form Status: Out-of-Form because the p value: 0.000713 is less than alpha= 0.05"
## *******************************************************************************************
checkBatsmanInForm("./kallis.csv","Jacques Kallis")
## *******************************************************************************************
##
## Population size: 240 Mean of population: 47.5
## Sample size: 27 Mean of sample: 47.11 SD of sample: 59.19
##
## Null hypothesis H0 : Jacques Kallis 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval
## of population average
## Alternative hypothesis Ha : Jacques Kallis 's sample average is below the 95% confidence
## interval of population average
##
## [1] "Jacques Kallis 's Form Status: In-Form because the p value: 0.48647 is greater than alpha= 0.05"
## *******************************************************************************************
checkBatsmanInForm("./ponting.csv","Ricky Ponting")
## *******************************************************************************************
##
## Population size: 251 Mean of population: 47.5
## Sample size: 28 Mean of sample: 36.25 SD of sample: 48.11
##
## Null hypothesis H0 : Ricky Ponting 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval
## of population average
## Alternative hypothesis Ha : Ricky Ponting 's sample average is below the 95% confidence
## interval of population average
##
## [1] "Ricky Ponting 's Form Status: In-Form because the p value: 0.113115 is greater than alpha= 0.05"
## *******************************************************************************************
checkBatsmanInForm("./sangakkara.csv","K Sangakkara")
## *******************************************************************************************
##
## Population size: 193 Mean of population: 51.92
## Sample size: 22 Mean of sample: 71.73 SD of sample: 82.87
##
## Null hypothesis H0 : K Sangakkara 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval
## of population average
## Alternative hypothesis Ha : K Sangakkara 's sample average is below the 95% confidence
## interval of population average
##
## [1] "K Sangakkara 's Form Status: In-Form because the p value: 0.862862 is greater than alpha= 0.05"
## *******************************************************************************************
3D plot of Runs vs Balls Faced and Minutes at Crease
The plot is a scatter plot of Runs vs Balls faced and Minutes at Crease. A prediction plane is fitted
par(mfrow=c(1,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
battingPerf3d("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")
battingPerf3d("./kallis.csv","Kallis")
par(mfrow=c(1,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
battingPerf3d("./ponting.csv","Ponting")
battingPerf3d("./sangakkara.csv","Sangakkara")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Predicting Runs given Balls Faced and Minutes at Crease
A multi-variate regression plane is fitted between Runs and Balls faced +Minutes at crease. A sample sequence of Balls Faced(BF) and Minutes at crease (Mins) is setup as shown below. The fitted model is used to predict the runs for these values
BF <- seq( 10, 400,length=15)
Mins <- seq(30,600,length=15)
newDF <- data.frame(BF,Mins)
tendulkar <- batsmanRunsPredict("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar",newdataframe=newDF)
kallis <- batsmanRunsPredict("./kallis.csv","Kallis",newdataframe=newDF)
ponting <- batsmanRunsPredict("./ponting.csv","Ponting",newdataframe=newDF)
sangakkara <- batsmanRunsPredict("./sangakkara.csv","Sangakkara",newdataframe=newDF)
The fitted model is then used to predict the runs that the batsmen will score for a given Balls faced and Minutes at crease. It can be seen Ponting has the will score the highest for a given Balls Faced and Minutes at crease.
Ponting is followed by Tendulkar who has Sangakkara close on his heels and finally we have Kallis. This is intuitive as we have already seen that Ponting has a highest strike rate.
batsmen <-cbind(round(tendulkar$Runs),round(kallis$Runs),round(ponting$Runs),round(sangakkara$Runs))
colnames(batsmen) <- c("Tendulkar","Kallis","Ponting","Sangakkara")
newDF <- data.frame(round(newDF$BF),round(newDF$Mins))
colnames(newDF) <- c("BallsFaced","MinsAtCrease")
predictedRuns <- cbind(newDF,batsmen)
predictedRuns
## BallsFaced MinsAtCrease Tendulkar Kallis Ponting Sangakkara
## 1 10 30 7 6 9 2
## 2 38 71 23 20 25 18
## 3 66 111 39 34 42 34
## 4 94 152 54 48 59 50
## 5 121 193 70 62 76 66
## 6 149 234 86 76 93 82
## 7 177 274 102 90 110 98
## 8 205 315 118 104 127 114
## 9 233 356 134 118 144 130
## 10 261 396 150 132 161 146
## 11 289 437 165 146 178 162
## 12 316 478 181 159 194 178
## 13 344 519 197 173 211 194
## 14 372 559 213 187 228 210
## 15 400 600 229 201 245 226
Checkout my book ‘Deep Learning from first principles Second Edition- In vectorized Python, R and Octave’. My book is available on Amazon as paperback ($18.99) and in kindle version($9.99/Rs449).
You may also like my companion book “Practical Machine Learning with R and Python:Second Edition- Machine Learning in stereo” available in Amazon in paperback($12.99) and Kindle($9.99/Rs449) versions.
Analysis of Top 3 wicket takers
The top 3 wicket takes in test history are
1. M Muralitharan:Wickets: 800, Average = 22.72, Economy Rate – 2.47
2. Shane Warne: Wickets: 708, Average = 25.41, Economy Rate – 2.65
3. Anil Kumble: Wickets: 619, Average = 29.65, Economy Rate – 2.69
How do Anil Kumble, Shane Warne and M Muralitharan compare with one another with respect to wickets taken and the Economy Rate. The next set of plots compute and plot precisely these analyses.
Wicket Frequency Plot
This plot below computes the percentage frequency of number of wickets taken for e.g 1 wicket x%, 2 wickets y% etc and plots them as a continuous line
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerWktsFreqPercent("./kumble.csv","Anil Kumble")
bowlerWktsFreqPercent("./warne.csv","Shane Warne")
bowlerWktsFreqPercent("./murali.csv","M Muralitharan")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Wickets Runs plot
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerWktsRunsPlot("./kumble.csv","Kumble")
bowlerWktsRunsPlot("./warne.csv","Warne")
bowlerWktsRunsPlot("./murali.csv","Muralitharan")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Average wickets at different venues
The plot gives the average wickets taken by Muralitharan at different venues. Muralitharan has taken an average of 8 and 6 wickets at Oval & Wellington respectively in 2 different innings. His best performances are at Kandy and Colombo (SSC)
bowlerAvgWktsGround("./murali.csv","Muralitharan")
Average wickets against different opposition
The plot gives the average wickets taken by Muralitharan against different countries. The x-axis also includes the number of innings against each team
bowlerAvgWktsOpposition("./murali.csv","Muralitharan")
Wickets taken moving average
From th eplot below it can be see 1. Shane Warne’s performance at the time of his retirement was still at a peak of 3 wickets 2. M Muralitharan seems to have become ineffective over time with his peak years being 2004-2006 3. Anil Kumble also seems to slump down and become less effective.
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerMovingAverage("./kumble.csv","Anil Kumble")
bowlerMovingAverage("./warne.csv","Shane Warne")
bowlerMovingAverage("./murali.csv","M Muralitharan")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Cumulative average wickets taken
The plots below give the cumulative average wickets taken by the bowlers
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets("./kumble.csv","Kumble")
![]()
bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets("./warne.csv","Warne")
![]()
bowlerCumulativeAvgWickets("./murali.csv","Muralitharan")
![]()
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Cumulative average economy rate
The plots below give the cumulative average economy rate of the bowlers
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate("./kumble.csv","Kumble")
![]()
bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate("./warne.csv","Warne")
![]()
bowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate("./murali.csv","Muralitharan")
![]()
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Future Wickets forecast
Here are plots that forecast how the bowler will perform in future. In this case 90% of the career wickets trend is used as the training set. the remaining 10% is the test set.
A Holt-Winters forecating model is used to forecast future performance based on the 90% training set. The forecated wickets trend is plotted. The test set is also plotted to see how close the forecast and the actual matches
Take a look at the wickets forecasted for the bowlers below. – Shane Warne and Muralitharan have a fairly consistent forecast – Kumble forecast shows a small dip
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerPerfForecast("./kumble.csv","Anil Kumble")
bowlerPerfForecast("./warne.csv","Shane Warne")
bowlerPerfForecast("./murali.csv","M Muralitharan")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Contribution to matches won and lost
The plot below is extremely interesting
1. Kumble wickets range from 2 to 4 wickets in matches wons with a mean of 3
2. Warne wickets in won matches range from 1 to 4 with more matches won. Clearly there are other bowlers contributing to the wins, possibly the pacers
3. Muralitharan wickets range in winning matches is more than the other 2 and ranges ranges 3 to 5 and clearly had a hand (pun unintended) in Sri Lanka’s wins
As discussed above the next 2 charts require the use of getPlayerDataSp()
kumblesp
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerContributionWonLost("kumblesp.csv","Kumble")
bowlerContributionWonLost("warnesp.csv","Warne")
bowlerContributionWonLost("muralisp.csv","Murali")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Performance home and overseas
From the plot below it can be seen that Kumble & Warne have played more matches overseas than Muralitharan. Both Kumble and Warne show an average of 2 wickers overseas, Murali on the other hand has an average of 2.5 wickets overseas but a slightly less number of matches than Kumble & Warne
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
bowlerPerfHomeAway("kumblesp.csv","Kumble")
bowlerPerfHomeAway("warnesp.csv","Warne")
bowlerPerfHomeAway("muralisp.csv","Murali")
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Relative Wickets Frequency Percentage
The Relative Wickets Percentage plot shows that M Muralitharan has a large percentage of wickets in the 3-8 wicket range
frames <- list("./kumble.csv","./murali.csv","warne.csv")
names <- list("Anil KUmble","M Muralitharan","Shane Warne")
relativeBowlingPerf(frames,names)
![]()
Relative Economy Rate against wickets taken
Clearly from the plot below it can be seen that Muralitharan has the best Economy Rate among the three
frames <- list("./kumble.csv","./murali.csv","warne.csv")
names <- list("Anil KUmble","M Muralitharan","Shane Warne")
relativeBowlingER(frames,names)
![]()
Relative cumulative average wickets of bowlers in career
The plot below shows that Murali has the best cumulative average wickets taken followed by Kumble and then Warne
frames <- list("./kumble.csv","./murali.csv","warne.csv")
names <- list("Anil KUmble","M Muralitharan","Shane Warne")
relativeBowlerCumulativeAvgWickets(frames,names)
![]()
Relative cumulative average economy rate of bowlers
Muralitharan has the best economy rate followed by Warne and then Kumble
frames <- list("./kumble.csv","./murali.csv","warne.csv")
names <- list("Anil KUmble","M Muralitharan","Shane Warne")
relativeBowlerCumulativeAvgEconRate(frames,names)
![]()
Check for bowler in-form/out-of-form
The below computation uses Null Hypothesis testing and p-value to determine if the bowler is in-form or out-of-form. For this 90% of the career wickets is chosen as the population and the mean computed. The last 10% is chosen to be the sample set and the sample Mean and the sample Standard Deviation are caculated.
The Null Hypothesis (H0) assumes that the bowler continues to stay in-form where the sample mean is within 95% confidence interval of population mean The Alternative (Ha) assumes that the bowler is out of form the sample mean is beyond the 95% confidence interval of the population mean.
A significance value of 0.05 is chosen and p-value us computed If p-value >= .05 – Batsman In-Form If p-value < 0.05 – Batsman Out-of-Form
Note Ideally the p-value should be done for a population that follows the Normal Distribution. But the runs population is usually left skewed. So some correction may be needed. I will revisit this later
Note: The check for the form status of the bowlers indicate 1. That both Kumble and Muralitharan were out of form. This also shows in the moving average plot 2. Warne is still in great form and could have continued for a few more years. Too bad we didn’t see the magic later
checkBowlerInForm("./kumble.csv","Anil Kumble")
## *******************************************************************************************
##
## Population size: 212 Mean of population: 2.69
## Sample size: 24 Mean of sample: 2.04 SD of sample: 1.55
##
## Null hypothesis H0 : Anil Kumble 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval
## of population average
## Alternative hypothesis Ha : Anil Kumble 's sample average is below the 95% confidence
## interval of population average
##
## [1] "Anil Kumble 's Form Status: Out-of-Form because the p value: 0.02549 is less than alpha= 0.05"
## *******************************************************************************************
checkBowlerInForm("./warne.csv","Shane Warne")
## *******************************************************************************************
##
## Population size: 240 Mean of population: 2.55
## Sample size: 27 Mean of sample: 2.56 SD of sample: 1.8
##
## Null hypothesis H0 : Shane Warne 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval
## of population average
## Alternative hypothesis Ha : Shane Warne 's sample average is below the 95% confidence
## interval of population average
##
## [1] "Shane Warne 's Form Status: In-Form because the p value: 0.511409 is greater than alpha= 0.05"
## *******************************************************************************************
checkBowlerInForm("./murali.csv","M Muralitharan")
## *******************************************************************************************
##
## Population size: 207 Mean of population: 3.55
## Sample size: 23 Mean of sample: 2.87 SD of sample: 1.74
##
## Null hypothesis H0 : M Muralitharan 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval
## of population average
## Alternative hypothesis Ha : M Muralitharan 's sample average is below the 95% confidence
## interval of population average
##
## [1] "M Muralitharan 's Form Status: Out-of-Form because the p value: 0.036828 is less than alpha= 0.05"
## *******************************************************************************************
dev.off()
## null device
## 1
Key Findings
The plots above capture some of the capabilities and features of my cricketr package. Feel free to install the package and try it out. Please do keep in mind ESPN Cricinfo’s Terms of Use.
Here are the main findings from the analysis above
Analysis of Top 4 batsman
The analysis of the Top 4 test batsman Tendulkar, Kallis, Ponting and Sangakkara show the folliwing
- Sangakkara has the highest average, followed by Tendulkar, Kallis and then Ponting.
- Ponting has the highest strike rate followed by Tendulkar,Sangakkara and then Kallis
- The predicted runs for a given Balls faced and Minutes at crease is highest for Ponting, followed by Tendulkar, Sangakkara and Kallis
- The moving average for Tendulkar and Ponting shows a downward trend while Kallis and Sangakkara retired too soon
- Tendulkar was out of form about the time of retirement while the rest were in-form. But this result has to be taken along with the moving average plot. Ponting was clearly on the way out.
- The home and overseas performance indicate that Tendulkar is the clear leader. He has the highest number of matches played overseas and his performance has been consistent. He is followed by Ponting, Kallis and finally Sangakkara
Analysis of Top 3 legs spinners
The analysis of Anil Kumble, Shane Warne and M Muralitharan show the following
- Muralitharan has the highest wickets and best economy rate followed by Warne and Kumble
- Muralitharan has higher wickets frequency percentage between 3 to 8 wickets
- Muralitharan has the best Economy Rate for wickets between 2 to 7
- The moving average plot shows that the time was up for Kumble and Muralitharan but Warne had a few years ahead
- The check for form status shows that Muralitharan and Kumble time was over while Warne still in great form
- Kumble’s has more matches abroad than the other 2, yet Kumble averages of 3 wickets at home and 2 wickets overseas liek Warne . Murali has played few matches but has an average of 4 wickets at home and 3 wickets overseas.
Final thoughts
Here are my final thoughts
Batting
Among the 4 batsman Tendulkar, Kallis, Ponting and Sangakkara the clear leader is Tendulkar for the following reasons
- Tendulkar has the highest test centuries and runs of all time.Tendulkar’s average is 2nd to Sangakkara, Tendulkar’s predicted runs for a given Balls faced and Minutes at Crease is 2nd and is behind Ponting. Also Tendulkar’s performance at home and overseas are consistent throughtout despite the fact that he has a highest number of overseas matches
- Ponting takes the 2nd spot with the 2nd highest number of centuries, 1st in Strike Rate and 2nd in home and away performance.
- The 3rd spot goes to Sangakkara, with the highest average, 3rd highest number of centuries, reasonable run frequency percentage in different run ranges. However he has a fewer number of matches overseas and his performance overseas is significantly lower than at home
- Kallis has the 2nd highest number of centuries but his performance overseas and strike rate are behind others
- Finally Kallis and Sangakkara had a few good years of batting still left in them (pity they retired!) while Tendulkar and Ponting’s time was up
- While Tendulkars cumulative average stays around 50 runs, Sangakkara briefly overtakes Tendulkar towards the end of his career. Sangakkara may have finished with a better average if he had played for a few more years
- Ponting has the best overall strike rate followed by Sangakkara
Bowling
Muralitharan leads the way followed closely by Warne and finally Kumble. The reasons are
- Muralitharan has the highest number of test wickets with the best Wickets percentage and the best Economy Rate. Murali on average gas taken 4 wickets at home and 3 wickets overseas
- Warne follows Murali in the highest wickets taken, however Warne has less matches overseas than Murali and average 3 wickets home and 2 wickets overseas
- Kumble has the 3rd highest wickets, with 3 wickets on an average at home and 2 wickets overseas. However Kumble has played more matches overseas than the other two. In that respect his performance is great. Also Kumble has played less matches at home otherwise his numbers would have looked even better.
- Also while Kumble and Muralitharan’s career was on the decline , Warne was going great and had a couple of years ahead.
- Muralitharan has the best cumulative wicket rate and economy rate. Kumble has a better wicket rate than Warne but is more expensive than Warne
You can download this analysis at Introducing cricketrYou can download this analysis at Re-Introducing cricketr
Important note: Do check out my other posts using cricketr at cricketr-posts
Also see
1.Introducing cricket package yorkr-Part1:Beaten by sheer pace!.
2.yorkr pads up for the Twenty20s: Part 1- Analyzing team“s match performance.
3.yorkr crashes the IPL party !Part 1
4.Introducing cricketr! : An R package to analyze performances of cricketers
5.Beaten by sheer pace! Cricket analytics with yorkr in paperback and Kindle versions
6. Cricket analytics with cricketr in paperback and Kindle versions
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