Who looks outside, dreams; who looks inside, awakes.
Show me a sane man and I will cure him for you.
Carl Jung
We’re made of star stuff. We are a way for the cosmos to know itself.
If you want to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first create the universe.
Carl SaganIntroduction
The biggest nag in the collective psyche of cricketing fraternity these days, is whether Virat Kohli has surpassed Sachin Tendulkar. This question has been troubling cricket lovers the world over and particularly in India, for quite a while. This nagging question has only grown stronger with Kohli’s 41st ODI century and with Michael Vaughan bestowing the GOAT title to Virat Kohli for ODI cricket. Hence, I decided to do my bit in addressing this, by doing analysis of Kohli’s and Tendulkar’s performance in ODI cricket. I also wanted to address the the best among the cricketing idols of India in Test cricket, namely Sunil Gavaskar, Sachin Tendulkar and Virat Kohli. Hence this post has 2 parts
- Analysis of Tendulkar, Gavaskar and Kohli in Test cricket
- Analysis of Tendulkar and Kohli in ODIs
In this post, I analyze the performances of these titans in Test and ODI cricket using my R package cricketr. While some may feel that comparisons are not possible as these batsmen are from different eras. To some extent this is true. I would give some leeway to Gavaskar as he had to bat in a pre-helmet era. But with Tendulkar and Kohli a fair and objective comparison is possible. There were pre-eminient bowlers in the times of Tendulkar as there are now.
From the analysis below, it can be seen that Tendulkar is ahead of everybody else in Test cricket. However it must be noted that Tendulkar’s performance deteriorated towards the end of his career. Such was not the case with Gavaskar. Kohli has some catching up to do and he still has a lot of Test cricket in him.
In ODI Kohli can be seen to pulling ahead of Tendulkar in several aspects.
My R package cricketr can be installed directly from CRAN and you can use it analyze cricketers.
This package uses the statistics info available in ESPN Cricinfo Statsguru. The current version of this package supports all formats of the game including Test, ODI and Twenty20 versions.
You should be able to install the package from GitHub and use the many functions available in the package. Please mindful of the ESPN Cricinfo Terms of Use
Take a look at my short video tutorial on my R package cricketr on Youtube – R package cricketr – A short tutorial
Do check out my interactive Shiny app implementation using the cricketr package – Sixer – R package cricketr’s new Shiny avatar
Note 1: If you would like to do a similar analysis for a different set of batsman and bowlers, you can clone/download my skeleton cricketr templatefrom Github (which is the R Markdown file I have used for the analysis below).
Note 2: I sprinkle the charts with my observations. Feel free to look at them more closely and come to your conclusions.
Important note: Do check out the python avatar of cricketr, ‘cricpy’ in my post Introducing cricpy:A python package to analyze performances of cricketers
- This post is also available at Rpubs Clash of the Titans
- You can download this in PDF format at Clash of the Titans
- You can download this R Markdown file from Github at Clash of titans
1 Load the cricketr package
if (!require("cricketr")){
install.packages("cricketr",lib = "c:/test")
}
library(cricketr)A Test cricket – Analysis of Gavaskar, Tendulkar and Kohli
2. Get player data
tendulkar <- getPlayerData(35320,dir=".",file="tendulkar.csv",type="batting")
kohli <- getPlayerData(253802,dir=".",file="kohli.csv",type="batting")
gavaskar <- getPlayerData(28794,dir=".",file="gavaskar.csv",type="batting")3a. Basic analyses for Tendulkar
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsFreqPerf("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanMeanStrikeRate("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanRunsRanges("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")dev.off()
3b Basic analyses for Kohli
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsFreqPerf("./kohli.csv","Kohli")
batsmanMeanStrikeRate("./kohli.csv","Kohli")
batsmanRunsRanges("./kohli.csv","Kohli")dev.off()
3c Basic analyses for Gavaskar
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsFreqPerf("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
batsmanMeanStrikeRate("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
batsmanRunsRanges("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")dev.off()
4a.More analyses for Tendulkar
It can be seen that Tendulkar and Gavaskar has been bowled more often than Kohli. Also Kohli does not have as many sixes in Test cricket as Tendulkar and Gavaskar
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsman4s("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")
batsman6s("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanDismissals("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")dev.off()
4b. More analyses for Kohli
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsman4s("./kohli.csv","Kohli")
batsman6s("./kohli.csv","Kohli")
batsmanDismissals("./kohli.csv","Kohli")dev.off()
4c More analyses for Gavaskar
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsman4s("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
batsman6s("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
batsmanDismissals("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")dev.off()
5 Performance of batsmen on different grounds
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanAvgRunsGround("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanAvgRunsGround("./kohli.csv","Kohli")batsmanAvgRunsGround("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
a
#dev.off()6. Performance if batsmen against different Opposition
- Tendulkar averages 50 against the following countries – Australia, Bangladesh, England, Sri Lanka, West Indies and Zimbabwe
- Kohli average almost 50 against all the nations he has played – Australia, Bangladesh, England, New Zealand, Sri Lanka and West Indies
- Gavaskar averages 50 against Australia, Pakistan, West Indies, Sri Lanka
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanAvgRunsOpposition("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanAvgRunsOpposition("./kohli.csv","Kohli")batsmanAvgRunsOpposition("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
7. Get player data special
This is required for the next 2 function calls
tendulkarsp <- getPlayerDataSp(35320,tdir=".",tfile="tendulkarsp.csv",ttype="batting")
kohlisp <- getPlayerDataSp(253802,tdir=".",tfile="kohlisp.csv",ttype="batting")
gavaskarsp <- getPlayerDataSp(28794,tdir=".",tfile="gavaskarsp.csv",ttype="batting")
#dev.off()8 Get contribution of batsmen in matches won and lost
Kohli contribution has had an equal contribution in won and lost matches. Tendulkar’s runs seem to have not helped in winning as much as only 50% of matches he has played have been won
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanContributionWonLost("tendulkarsp.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanContributionWonLost("./kohlisp.csv","Kohli")
batsmanContributionWonLost("./gavaskarsp.csv","Gavaskar")
a
9 Performance of batsmen at home and overseas
The boxplots show that Kohli performs better overseas than at home. The 3rd quartile is higher, though the median seems to lower overseas. For Tendulkar the performance is similar both ways. Gavaskar’s median runs scored overseas is higher.
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanPerfHomeAway("tendulkarsp.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanPerfHomeAway("./kohlisp.csv","Kohli")
batsmanPerfHomeAway("./gavaskarsp.csv","Gavaskar")
10. Moving average of runs
Gavaskar’s moving average was very good at the time of his retirement. Kohli seems to be going very strong. Tendulkar’s performance shows signs of deterioration around the time of his retirement.
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanMovingAverage("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanMovingAverage("./kohli.csv","Kohli")
batsmanMovingAverage("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
#dev.off()
11 Boxplot and histogram of runs
Kohli has a marginally higher average (50.69) than Tendulkar (48.65) while Gavaskar 46. The median runs are same for Tendulkar and Kohli at 32
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanPerfBoxHist("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")batsmanPerfBoxHist("./kohli.csv","Kohli")batsmanPerfBoxHist("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
12 Cumulative average Runs for batsmen
Looking at the cumulative average runs we can see a gradual drop in the cumulative average for Tendulkar while Kohli and Gavaskar’s performance seems to be getting better
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns("./kohli.csv","Kohli")batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
13. Cumulative average strike rate of batsmen
Tendulkar’s strike rate is better than Kohli and Gavaskar
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate("./kohli.csv","Kohli")batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
14 Performance forecast of batsmen
The forecasted performance for Kohli and Gavaskar is higher than that of Tendulkar
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanPerfForecast("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
batsmanPerfForecast("./kohli.csv","Kohli")
batsmanPerfForecast("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
#dev.off()
15. Relative strike rate of batsmen
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkar.csv","./kohli.csv","gavaskar.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli","Gavaskar")
relativeBatsmanSR(frames,names)#dev.off()
16. Relative Runs frequency of batsmen
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkar.csv","./kohli.csv","gavaskar.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli","Gavaskar")
relativeRunsFreqPerf(frames,names)#dev.off()
17. Relative cumulative average runs of batsmen
Tendulkar leads the way here, but it can be seem Kohli catching up.
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkar.csv","./kohli.csv","gavaskar.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli","Gavaskar")
relativeBatsmanCumulativeAvgRuns(frames,names)#dev.off()
18. Relative cumulative average strike rate
Tendulkar has better strike rate than the other two.
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkar.csv","./kohli.csv","gavaskar.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli","Gavaskar")
relativeBatsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(frames,names)#dev.off()
19. Check batsman in form
As in the moving average and performance forecast and cumulative average runs, Kohli and Gavaskar are in-form while Tendulkar was out-of-form towards the end.
checkBatsmanInForm("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")## [1] "**************************** Form status of Sachin Tendulkar ****************************
\n\n Population size: 294 Mean of population: 50.48 \n Sample size: 33 Mean of sample: 32.42 SD of
sample: 29.8 \n\n Null hypothesis H0 : Sachin Tendulkar 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval
of population average\n Alternative hypothesis Ha : Sachin Tendulkar 's sample average is below
the 95% confidence interval of population average\n\n
Sachin Tendulkar 's Form Status: Out-of-Form because the p value: 0.000713 is less than alpha= 0.05 \n *******************************************************************************************\n\n"checkBatsmanInForm("./kohli.csv","Kohli")## [1] "**************************** Form status of Kohli ****************************\n\n Population size: 117
Mean of population: 50.35 \n Sample size: 13 Mean of sample: 53.77 SD of sample: 46.15 \n\n Null
hypothesis H0 : Kohli 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval of population average\n
Alternative hypothesis Ha : Kohli 's sample average is below the 95% confidence interval of population
average\n\n Kohli 's Form Status: In-Form because the p value: 0.603244 is greater than alpha= 0.05 \n *******************************************************************************************\n\n"checkBatsmanInForm("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")## [1] "**************************** Form status of Gavaskar ****************************\n\n
Population size: 125 Mean of population: 44.67 \n Sample size: 14 Mean of sample: 57.86 SD of sample:
58.55 \n\n Null hypothesis H0 : Gavaskar 's sample average is within 95% confidence interval of population
average\n Alternative hypothesis Ha : Gavaskar 's sample average is below the 95% confidence interval of
population average\n\n Gavaskar 's Form Status: In-Form because the p value: 0.793276 is greater
than alpha= 0.05 \n *******************************************************************************************\n\n"#dev.off()20. Performance 3D
A 3D regression plane is fitted between the the Balls faced, Minutes at crease and Runs scored
par(mfrow=c(2,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
battingPerf3d("./tendulkar.csv","Sachin Tendulkar")
battingPerf3d("./kohli.csv","Kohli")
battingPerf3d("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")
#dev.off()
20. Runs likelihood
This functions computes the K-Means and determines the runs the batsmen are likely to score.
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsLikelihood("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")## Summary of Tendulkar 's runs scoring likelihood
## **************************************************
##
## There is a 16.51 % likelihood that Tendulkar will make 139 Runs in 251 balls over 353 Minutes
## There is a 25.08 % likelihood that Tendulkar will make 66 Runs in 122 balls over 167 Minutes
## There is a 58.41 % likelihood that Tendulkar will make 16 Runs in 31 balls over 44 MinutesbatsmanRunsLikelihood("./kohli.csv","Kohli")## Summary of Kohli 's runs scoring likelihood
## **************************************************
##
## There is a 20 % likelihood that Kohli will make 143 Runs in 232 balls over 330 Minutes
## There is a 33.85 % likelihood that Kohli will make 51 Runs in 92 balls over 127 Minutes
## There is a 46.15 % likelihood that Kohli will make 11 Runs in 24 balls over 31 MinutesbatsmanRunsLikelihood("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar")## Summary of Gavaskar 's runs scoring likelihood
## **************************************************
##
## There is a 33.81 % likelihood that Gavaskar will make 69 Runs in 159 balls over 214 Minutes
## There is a 8.63 % likelihood that Gavaskar will make 172 Runs in 364 balls over 506 Minutes
## There is a 57.55 % likelihood that Gavaskar will make 13 Runs in 35 balls over 48 Minutes
21. Predict runs for a random combination of Balls faced and runs scored
BF <- seq( 10, 400,length=15)
Mins <- seq(30,600,length=15)
newDF <- data.frame(BF,Mins)
tendulkar <- batsmanRunsPredict("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar",newdataframe=newDF)
kohli <- batsmanRunsPredict("./kohli.csv","Kohli",newdataframe=newDF)
gavaskar <- batsmanRunsPredict("./gavaskar.csv","Gavaskar",newdataframe=newDF)
batsmen <-cbind(round(tendulkar$Runs),round(kohli$Runs),round(gavaskar$Runs))
colnames(batsmen) <- c("Tendulkar","Kohli","Gavaskar")
newDF <- data.frame(round(newDF$BF),round(newDF$Mins))
colnames(newDF) <- c("BallsFaced","MinsAtCrease")
predictedRuns <- cbind(newDF,batsmen)
predictedRuns## BallsFaced MinsAtCrease Tendulkar Kohli Gavaskar
## 1 10 30 7 6 4
## 2 38 71 23 24 17
## 3 66 111 39 42 30
## 4 94 152 54 60 43
## 5 121 193 70 78 56
## 6 149 234 86 96 69
## 7 177 274 102 114 82
## 8 205 315 118 132 95
## 9 233 356 134 150 108
## 10 261 396 150 168 121
## 11 289 437 165 186 134
## 12 316 478 181 204 147
## 13 344 519 197 222 160
## 14 372 559 213 240 173
## 15 400 600 229 258 186#dev.off()Key findings
- Kohli has a marginally higher average than Tendulkar
- Tendulkar has the best strike rate of all the 3.
- The cumulative average runs and the performance forecast for Kohli and Gavaskar show an improving trend, while Tendulkar’s numbers deteriorate towards the end of his career
- Kohli is fast catching up Tendulkar on cumulative average runs vs innings in career.
B ODI Cricket – Analysis of Tendulkar and Kohli
The functions below get the ODI data for Tendulkar and Kohli as CSV files so that the analyses can be done
22 Get player data for ODIs
tendulkarOD <- getPlayerDataOD(35320,dir=".",file="tendulkarOD.csv",type="batting")
kohliOD <- getPlayerDataOD(253802,dir=".",file="kohliOD.csv",type="batting")
#dev.off()23a Basic performance of Tendulkar in ODI
par(mfrow=c(3,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsFreqPerf("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanRunsRanges("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")
batsman4s("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")
batsman6s("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")
batsmanScoringRateODTT("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")
#dev.off()
23b. Basic performance of Kohli in ODI
par(mfrow=c(3,2))
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsFreqPerf("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
batsmanRunsRanges("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
batsman4s("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
batsman6s("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
batsmanScoringRateODTT("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
#dev.off()
24. Performance forecast in ODIs
Kohli’s forecasted runs are much higher than Tendulkar’s in ODIs
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanPerfForecast("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanPerfForecast("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
25. Batting performance
A 3D regression plane is fitted between Balls faced, Minutes at crease and Runs scored.
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
battingPerf3d("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")battingPerf3d("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
26. Predicting runs scored for the ODI batsmen
Kohli will score runs than Tendulkar for the same minutes at crease and balls faced.
BF <- seq( 10, 200,length=10)
Mins <- seq(30,220,length=10)
newDF <- data.frame(BF,Mins)
tendulkarDF <- batsmanRunsPredict("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar",newdataframe=newDF)
kohliDF <- batsmanRunsPredict("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli",newdataframe=newDF)
batsmen <-cbind(round(tendulkarDF$Runs),round(kohliDF$Runs))
colnames(batsmen) <- c("Tendulkar","Kohli")
newDF <- data.frame(round(newDF$BF),round(newDF$Mins))
colnames(newDF) <- c("BallsFaced","MinsAtCrease")
predictedRuns <- cbind(newDF,batsmen)
predictedRuns## BallsFaced MinsAtCrease Tendulkar Kohli
## 1 10 30 7 8
## 2 31 51 26 28
## 3 52 72 45 48
## 4 73 93 64 68
## 5 94 114 83 88
## 6 116 136 102 108
## 7 137 157 121 128
## 8 158 178 140 149
## 9 179 199 159 169
## 10 200 220 178 18927. Runs likelihood for the ODI batsmen
Tendulkar has clusters around 13, 53 and 111 runs while Kohli has clusters around 13, 63,116. So it more likely that Kohli will tend to score higher
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanRunsLikelihood("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")## Summary of Tendulkar 's runs scoring likelihood
## **************************************************
##
## There is a 18.09 % likelihood that Tendulkar will make 111 Runs in 118 balls over 172 Minutes
## There is a 28.39 % likelihood that Tendulkar will make 53 Runs in 63 balls over 95 Minutes
## There is a 53.52 % likelihood that Tendulkar will make 13 Runs in 18 balls over 27 MinutesbatsmanRunsLikelihood("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")## Summary of Kohli 's runs scoring likelihood
## **************************************************
##
## There is a 31.41 % likelihood that Kohli will make 63 Runs in 69 balls over 97 Minutes
## There is a 49.74 % likelihood that Kohli will make 13 Runs in 18 balls over 24 Minutes
## There is a 18.85 % likelihood that Kohli will make 116 Runs in 113 balls over 163 Minutes
28. Runs in different venues for the ODI batsmen
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanAvgRunsGround("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanAvgRunsGround("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
28. Runs against different opposition for the ODI batsmen
Tendulkar’s has 50+ average against Bermuda, Kenya and Namibia. While Kohli has a 50+ average against New Zealand, West Indies, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Bangladesh
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanAvgRunsOpposition("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanAvgRunsOpposition("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
29. Moving average of runs for the ODI batsmen
Tendulkar’s moving average shows an improvement (50+) towards the end of his career, but Kohli shows a marked increase 60+ currently
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanMovingAverage("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanMovingAverage("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
30. Cumulative average runs of ODI batsmen
Tendulkar plateaus at 40+ while Kohli’s cumulative average runs goes up and up!!!
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanCumulativeAverageRuns("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
31 Cumulative strike rate of ODI batsmen
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate("./tendulkarOD.csv","Tendulkar")batsmanCumulativeStrikeRate("./kohliOD.csv","Kohli")
32. Relative batsmen strike rate
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkarOD.csv","./kohliOD.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli")
relativeBatsmanSRODTT(frames,names)#dev.off()
33. Relative Run Frequency percentages
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkarOD.csv","./kohliOD.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli")
relativeRunsFreqPerfODTT(frames,names)#dev.off()
34. Relative cumulative average runs of ODI batsmen
Kohli breaks away from Tendulkar in cumulative average runs after 100 innings
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkarOD.csv","./kohliOD.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli")
relativeBatsmanCumulativeAvgRuns(frames,names)#dev.off()
35. Relative cumulative strike rate of ODI batsmen
This seems to be tussle with Kohli having an edge till about 40 innings and then from 40+ to 180 innings Tendulkar leads. Kohli just seems to be edging forward.
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkarOD.csv","./kohliOD.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli")
relativeBatsmanCumulativeStrikeRate(frames,names)#dev.off()
36. Batsmen 4s and 6s
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
frames <- list("./tendulkarOD.csv","./kohliOD.csv")
names <- list("Tendulkar","Kohli")
batsman4s6s(frames,names)## Tendulkar Kohli
## Runs(1s,2s,3s) 66.29 69.67
## 4s 29.65 25.90
## 6s 4.06 4.43#dev.off()37. Check ODI batsmen form
par(mar=c(4,4,2,2))
checkBatsmanInForm("./tendulkar.csv","Tendulkar")## [1] "**************************** Form status of Tendulkar ********
********************\n\n Population size: 294 Mean of population: 50.48 \n
Sample size: 33 Mean of sample: 32.42 SD of sample: 29.8 \n\n
Null hypothesis H0 : Tendulkar 's sample average is within 95% confidence
interval of population average\n Alternative hypothesis
Ha : Tendulkar 's sample average is below the 95% confidence interval
of population average\n\n Tendulkar 's Form Status: Out-of-Form because the p value: 0.000713 is less than alpha= 0.05 \n *******************************************************************************************\n\n"checkBatsmanInForm("./kohli.csv","Kohli")## [1] "**************************** Form status of Kohli ***********
*****************\n\n Population size: 117 Mean of population: 50.35 \n
Sample size: 13 Mean of sample: 53.77 SD of sample: 46.15 \n\n
Null hypothesis H0 : Kohli 's sample average is within 95% confidence
interval of population average\n Alternative hypothesis
Ha : Kohli 's sample average is below the 95% confidence interval
of population average\n\n Kohli 's Form Status: In-Form because
the p value: 0.603244 is greater than alpha= 0.05 \n *******************************************************************************************\n\n"#dev.off()Key Findings
- Kohli has a better performance against oppositions like West Indies, South Africa and New Zealand
- Kohli breaks away from Tendulkar in cumulative average runs
- Tendulkar has been leading the strike rate rate but Kohli in recent times seems to be breaking loose.
Check out some other players with my R package cricketr
Important note: Do check out my other posts using cricketr at cricketr-posts
Also see
- My book ‘Practical Machine Learning in R and Python: Third edition’ on Amazon
- A primer on Qubits, Quantum gates and Quantum Operations
- De-blurring revisited with Wiener filter using OpenCV
- Deep Learning from first principles in Python, R and Octave – Part 4
- The Many Faces of Latency
- Fun simulation of a Chain in Android
- Presentation on Wireless Technologies – Part 1
- yorkr crashes the IPL party ! – Part 1
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then have bowler ‘i’ to bowl more overs as his/her economy rate is better
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where the jth bowler is more effective than the kth bowler against the ith batsman. This now becomes a linear optimization problem as we can have several combinations of number of overs X economy rate for different bowlers and we will have to solve this algorithmically to determine the lowest score for bowling performance or highest score for batting order.
then the question is
is the number of overs remaining for the jth bowler against ‘k’ batsmen
or
be the Strike Rate of the ith batsman to the jth bowler
